Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Review

Volume 14, Number 1, February 2023, pages 12-21

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Versus Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. The risk reduction in three-point MACE in GLP-1RA and SGLT2i trials. MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events; GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists; SGLT2i: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. The correlation between the risk reduction of three-point MACE between changes in HbA1c (a) and body weight (b). MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. The risk reduction in death from any cause (a), death from cardiovascular cause (b), nonfatal myocardial infarction (c), nonfatal stroke (d) and hospitalization for heart failure (e) in GLP-1RA and SGLT2i trials. The data on risk reduction of nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke in DECLARE-TIMI indicate the risk reduction in myocardial infarction including fatal myocardial infarction and stroke including fatal stroke due to the lack of data on nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke in DECLARE-TIMI. GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists; SGLT2i: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. The changes in serum lipids by GLP-1RA and SGLT2i. GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists; SGLT2i: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Vascular biological anti-atherogenic properties of GLP-1RA. eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; EPCs: endothelial progenitor cells; ET-1: endothelin-1; ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule-1; NO: nitric oxide; PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1; RAGE: receptor for advanced glycation end products; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD-2: superoxide dismutase 2; SR: scavenger receptor; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VCAM-1: vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists.