Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 2, Number 1, February 2011, pages 27-35

Ultra-Sensitive C-Reactive Protein (US-CRP) in Patients With Periodontal Disease and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction

**Table 1.** General Description of the Population
	Total (n = 401)
Men	225 (56.1%)
Age (mean, sd)	52.6 (13.6)
Glycemia (mean, sd)	110.7 (41.3)
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl	187 (46.6%)
Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)	205 (48.5)
HDL-C < 40 mg/dl	192 (47.9%)
LDL-C > 100 mg/dl	321 (80%)
Diabetes	57 (14.2%)
Dyslipidemia	127 (31.7%)
High Blood Pressure	126 (31.4%)
Smoking	71 (18.1%)
# of teeth
7 - 10	25 (6.2%)
11 - 20	114 (28.4%)
21 - 32	262 (65.3%)
Carbohydrate Intolerance	76 (18.9%)
US-CRP > 2 mg/L	106 (26.4%)

Table 1. General Description of the Population

Total (n = 401)

Men

225 (56.1%)

Age (mean, sd)

52.6 (13.6)

Glycemia (mean, sd)

110.7 (41.3)

Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

187 (46.6%)

Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)

205 (48.5)

HDL-C < 40 mg/dl

192 (47.9%)

LDL-C > 100 mg/dl

321 (80%)

Diabetes

57 (14.2%)

Dyslipidemia

127 (31.7%)

High Blood Pressure

126 (31.4%)

Smoking

71 (18.1%)

# of teeth

7 - 10

25 (6.2%)

11 - 20

114 (28.4%)

21 - 32

262 (65.3%)

Carbohydrate Intolerance

76 (18.9%)

US-CRP > 2 mg/L

106 (26.4%)

**Table 2.** Descriptive Analysis of the Population
	Control (n = 201)	Cases (n = 200)	P value
Men	61 (30.4%)	164 (82%)	< 0.0001
Age (mean, sd)	47 (13.1)	58 (11.5)	< 0.0001
Glycemia (mean, sd)	96.8 (26.2)	124.6 (48.5)	< 0.0001
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl	79 (39.3%)	108 (54%)	0.003
Total cholesterol (mean, sd)	214.2 (45.8)	195.8 (49.5)	0.0001
HDL-C < 40 mg/dl	141 (70.2%)	51 (25.5%)	< 0.001
LDL-C > 100 mg/dl	164 (81.6%)	157 (78.5%)	0.439
Diabetes	7 (3.5%)	50 (25%)	< 0.0001
Dyslipidemia	39 (19.4%)	88 (44%)	< 0.0001
High Blood Pressure	21 (10.5%)	105 (52.5%)	< 0.0001
Smoking	23 (11.5%)	48 (24.9%)	< 0.0001
# of Teeth			< 0.0001
7 - 10	4 (2%)	21 (10.5%)
11 - 20	44 (21.9%)	70 (35%)
21 - 32	153 (76.1%)	109 (54.5%)
Carbohydrate Intolerance	8 (3.9%)	68 (34%)	< 0.0001
US-CRP > 2 mg/L	1 (0.5%)	105 (52.5%)	< 0.0001
Attachment Loss	130 (64.7%)	179 (89.5)	< 0.0001

Table 2. Descriptive Analysis of the Population

Control (n = 201)

Cases (n = 200)

P value

Men

61 (30.4%)

164 (82%)

< 0.0001

Age (mean, sd)

47 (13.1)

58 (11.5)

< 0.0001

Glycemia (mean, sd)

96.8 (26.2)

124.6 (48.5)

< 0.0001

Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

79 (39.3%)

108 (54%)

0.003

Total cholesterol (mean, sd)

214.2 (45.8)

195.8 (49.5)

0.0001

HDL-C < 40 mg/dl

141 (70.2%)

51 (25.5%)

< 0.001

LDL-C > 100 mg/dl

164 (81.6%)

157 (78.5%)

0.439

Diabetes

7 (3.5%)

50 (25%)

< 0.0001

Dyslipidemia

39 (19.4%)

88 (44%)

< 0.0001

High Blood Pressure

21 (10.5%)

105 (52.5%)

< 0.0001

Smoking

23 (11.5%)

48 (24.9%)

< 0.0001

# of Teeth

< 0.0001

7 - 10

4 (2%)

21 (10.5%)

11 - 20

44 (21.9%)

70 (35%)

21 - 32

153 (76.1%)

109 (54.5%)

Carbohydrate Intolerance

8 (3.9%)

68 (34%)

< 0.0001

US-CRP > 2 mg/L

1 (0.5%)

105 (52.5%)

< 0.0001

Attachment Loss

130 (64.7%)

179 (89.5)

< 0.0001

**Table 3.** Descriptive Analysis of Patients With AMI, With and Without Periodontal Disease
	AMI (Healthy or Gingivitis)	AMI Periodontitis
Men	17 (81%)	147 (82.1%)
Age (mean, sd)	55 (13.2)	59 (11.3)
Glycemia (mean, sd)	121.86 (30.3)	124.98 (50.3)
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl	10 (47.6%)	98 (54.8%)
Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)	204 (55.3)	194.83 (48.9)
HDL-C < 40 mg/dl	7 (33.3%)	44 (24.6%)
LDL-C > 100 mg/dl	17 (80.9%)	140 (78.2%)
Diabetes	5 (23.8)	45 (25.1%)
Dislypidemia	10 (47.6)	78 (43.6%)
High Blood Pressure	10 (47.6%)	95 (53.1%)
Smoking	7 (33.3%)	41 (23.8%)
# of teeth
7 - 10	3 (14.3%)	18 (10.1%)
11 - 20	5 (23.8%)	65 (36.3%)
21 - 32	13 (61.9%)	96 (53.6%)
Carbohydrate Intolerance	9 (42.9%)	59 (33%)
US-CRP > 2 mg/L	12 (57.1%)	93 (52%)

Table 3. Descriptive Analysis of Patients With AMI, With and Without Periodontal Disease

AMI (Healthy or Gingivitis)

AMI Periodontitis

(n = 21)

(n = 179)

Men

17 (81%)

147 (82.1%)

Age (mean, sd)

55 (13.2)

59 (11.3)

Glycemia (mean, sd)

121.86 (30.3)

124.98 (50.3)

Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

10 (47.6%)

98 (54.8%)

Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)

204 (55.3)

194.83 (48.9)

HDL-C < 40 mg/dl

7 (33.3%)

44 (24.6%)

LDL-C > 100 mg/dl

17 (80.9%)

140 (78.2%)

Diabetes

5 (23.8)

45 (25.1%)

Dislypidemia

10 (47.6)

78 (43.6%)

High Blood Pressure

10 (47.6%)

95 (53.1%)

Smoking

7 (33.3%)

41 (23.8%)

# of teeth

7 - 10

3 (14.3%)

18 (10.1%)

11 - 20

5 (23.8%)

65 (36.3%)

21 - 32

13 (61.9%)

96 (53.6%)

Carbohydrate Intolerance

9 (42.9%)

59 (33%)

US-CRP > 2 mg/L

12 (57.1%)

93 (52%)

**Table 4.** Descriptive Analysis of Patients With AMI and Moderate and Severe Periodontitis, and Patients Healthy, With Gingivitis or Incipient Periodontitis
	AMI, and Healthy, Gingivitits, Incipient Periodontitis	AMI and Moderate, Severe Periodontitis
Men	28 (80%)	136 (82.4%)
Age (mean, sd)	55 (13.3)	59 (11)
Glycemia (mean, sd)	125.7 (46.3)	124.4 (49.1)
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl	17 (48.6%)	91 (55.2%)
Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)	195.6 (47.3)	195.9 (50.1)
HDL-C < 40 mg/dl	11 (31.4%)	40 (24.2%)
LDL-C > 100 mg/dl	27 (77.1%)	130 (78.8%)
Diabetes	6 (17.1%)	44 (26.7%)
Dislypidemia	14 (40%)	74 (44.9%)
High Blood Pressure	17 (48.6%)	88 (53.3%)
Smoking	8 (24.2%)	40 (25%)
# of teeth
7 - 10	3 (8.6%)	18 (10.9%)
11 - 20	7 (20%)	63 (38.2%)
21 - 32	25 (71.4%)	84 (50.9%)
Carbohydrate Intolerance	17 (48.6%)	51 (30.9%)
US-CRP > 2 mg/L	17 (48.6%)	88 (53.3%)

Table 4. Descriptive Analysis of Patients With AMI and Moderate and Severe Periodontitis, and Patients Healthy, With Gingivitis or Incipient Periodontitis

AMI, and Healthy, Gingivitits, Incipient Periodontitis

AMI and Moderate, Severe Periodontitis

(n = 35)

(n = 165)

Men

28 (80%)

136 (82.4%)

Age (mean, sd)

55 (13.3)

59 (11)

Glycemia (mean, sd)

125.7 (46.3)

124.4 (49.1)

Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

17 (48.6%)

91 (55.2%)

Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)

195.6 (47.3)

195.9 (50.1)

HDL-C < 40 mg/dl

11 (31.4%)

40 (24.2%)

LDL-C > 100 mg/dl

27 (77.1%)

130 (78.8%)

Diabetes

6 (17.1%)

44 (26.7%)

Dislypidemia

14 (40%)

74 (44.9%)

High Blood Pressure

17 (48.6%)

88 (53.3%)

Smoking

8 (24.2%)

40 (25%)

# of teeth

7 - 10

3 (8.6%)

18 (10.9%)

11 - 20

7 (20%)

63 (38.2%)

21 - 32

25 (71.4%)

84 (50.9%)

Carbohydrate Intolerance

17 (48.6%)

51 (30.9%)

US-CRP > 2 mg/L

17 (48.6%)

88 (53.3%)

**Table 5.** CRP in AMI Patients
	CRP > 2	CRP ≤ 2	TOTAL
Periodontitis (Moderate or Severe)	88	77	165
Healthy, Gingivitis and Incipient Periodontitis	17	18	35
TOTAL	105	95	200

Table 5. CRP in AMI Patients

CRP > 2

CRP ≤ 2

TOTAL

Periodontitis (Moderate or Severe)

165

Healthy, Gingivitis and Incipient Periodontitis

TOTAL

105

200

**Table 6.** Descriptive Analyisis of Cases and Controls in Patients With Periodontitis
	CONTROLS	CASES	P value
Men	48 (36.9%)	147 (82.1%)	< 0.0001
Age (mean, sd)	51.2 (10.2)	59 (11.3)	< 0.0001
Glycemia (mean, sd)	99.8 (31.8)	125 (50.3)	< 0.0001
Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl	58 (44.6%)	98 (54.8)	0.079
Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)	220.8 (45.1)	194.8 (48.9)	< 0.0001
HDL-C < 40 mg/dl	83 (63.9%)	44 (24.6%)	< 0.0001
LDL-C > 100 mg/dl	112 (86.2%)	140 (78.2%)	0.076
Diabetes	6 (4.6%)	45 (25.1%)	< 0.0001
Dyslipidemia	26 (20%)	78 (43.6%)	< 0.0001
High Blood Pressure	16 (12.3%)	95 (53.1%)	< 0.0001
Smoking	18 (13.9%)	41 (23.8%)	0.033
# of Teeth			0.005
7 - 10	4 (3.1%)	18 (10.1%)
11 - 20	35 (26.9%)	65 (36.3%)
21 - 32	91 (70.0%)	96 (53.6%)
Carbohydrate Intolerance	6 (4.6%)	59 (33%)	< 0.0001
US-CRP > 2 mg/L	1 (0.8%)	93 (52%)	< 0.0001

Table 6. Descriptive Analyisis of Cases and Controls in Patients With Periodontitis

CONTROLS

CASES

P value

(n = 130)

(n = 179)

Men

48 (36.9%)

147 (82.1%)

< 0.0001

Age (mean, sd)

51.2 (10.2)

59 (11.3)

< 0.0001

Glycemia (mean, sd)

99.8 (31.8)

125 (50.3)

< 0.0001

Triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

58 (44.6%)

98 (54.8)

0.079

Total Cholesterol (mean, sd)

220.8 (45.1)

194.8 (48.9)

< 0.0001

HDL-C < 40 mg/dl

83 (63.9%)

44 (24.6%)

< 0.0001

LDL-C > 100 mg/dl

112 (86.2%)

140 (78.2%)

0.076

Diabetes

6 (4.6%)

45 (25.1%)

< 0.0001

Dyslipidemia

26 (20%)

78 (43.6%)

< 0.0001

High Blood Pressure

16 (12.3%)

95 (53.1%)

< 0.0001

Smoking

18 (13.9%)

41 (23.8%)

0.033

# of Teeth

0.005

7 - 10

4 (3.1%)

18 (10.1%)

11 - 20

35 (26.9%)

65 (36.3%)

21 - 32

91 (70.0%)

96 (53.6%)

Carbohydrate Intolerance

6 (4.6%)

59 (33%)

< 0.0001

US-CRP > 2 mg/L

1 (0.8%)

93 (52%)

< 0.0001

**Table 7.** US-CRP in Patients With and Without Infarction
	Infarction	No infarction	TOTAL
CRP > 2	93	1	94
CRP ≤ 2	86	129	215
TOTAL	179	130	309

Table 7. US-CRP in Patients With and Without Infarction

Infarction

No infarction

TOTAL

CRP > 2

CRP ≤ 2

129

215

TOTAL

179

130

309