Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 5, October 2020, pages 328-336

The Role of Aortic Stiffness Parameters in Evaluating Myocardial Ischemia

Figure 3. Pulse wave velocity parameters. SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; PP: pulse pressure; ESBP: end-systole blood pressure; AP: augmented pressure; Pi: junction point; Ti: encounter time; dPi: pulse pressure in Ti; MAP: mean arterial pressure; MPP: mean pulse pressure; MSBP: mean systolic blood pressure; MDBP: mean diastolic blood pressure; SPTI: systolic pressure-time index; DPTI: diastolic pressure-time index; R-R: R-R interval (cardiac cycles).

**Table 1.** Clinical Characteristics of the Patients With Positive and Negative Exercise ECG Results
Parameters	Positive exercise ECG (n = 40)	Negative exercise ECG (n = 39)	P value
ECG: electrocardiography; eGFR: estiamted glomerular filtration rate; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; CCB: calcium channel blocker; OAD: oral antidiabetic; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.
Age, years	53.25 ± 10.01	52.33 ± 11.64	0.71
Male, n (%)	19 (47.5)	19 (48.7)	0.84
Hypertension, n (%)	16 (40)	15 (38.5)	0.89
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	17 (42.5)	11 (28.2)	0.18
Hyperlipidemia, n (%)	8 (20)	9 (23.1)	0.74
Current smoker, n (%)	12 (30)	10 (25.6)	0.39
eGFR, mL/min/m²	99.1 ± 22.78	102.13 ± 20.87	0.54
Medical treatment
ACEI, n (%)	16 (40)	13 (33.3)	0.54
Beta-blockers, n (%)	9 (22.5)	5 (12.8)	0.26
CCB, n (%)	8 (20)	6 (15.4)	0.59
Statin, n (%)	10 (25)	9 (23.1)	0.84
OAD/insulin, n(%)	16 (40)	11 (28.2)	0.27
Serum biomarkers
Creatinine, mg/L	0.80 ± 0.19	0.76 ± 0.16	0.40
Hemoglobin	13.16 ± 1.48	13.81 ± 1.6	0.06
LDL, mg/dL	123.15 ± 31.25	139.95 ± 31.09	0.02

Table 1. Clinical Characteristics of the Patients With Positive and Negative Exercise ECG Results

Parameters

Positive exercise ECG (n = 40)

Negative exercise ECG (n = 39)

P value

ECG: electrocardiography; eGFR: estiamted glomerular filtration rate; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; CCB: calcium channel blocker; OAD: oral antidiabetic; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.

Age, years

53.25 ± 10.01

52.33 ± 11.64

0.71

Male, n (%)

19 (47.5)

19 (48.7)

0.84

Hypertension, n (%)

16 (40)

15 (38.5)

0.89

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

17 (42.5)

11 (28.2)

0.18

Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

8 (20)

9 (23.1)

0.74

Current smoker, n (%)

12 (30)

10 (25.6)

0.39

eGFR, mL/min/m²

99.1 ± 22.78

102.13 ± 20.87

0.54

Medical treatment

ACEI, n (%)

16 (40)

13 (33.3)

0.54

Beta-blockers, n (%)

9 (22.5)

5 (12.8)

0.26

CCB, n (%)

8 (20)

6 (15.4)

0.59

Statin, n (%)

10 (25)

9 (23.1)

0.84

OAD/insulin, n(%)

16 (40)

11 (28.2)

0.27

Serum biomarkers

Creatinine, mg/L

0.80 ± 0.19

0.76 ± 0.16

0.40

Hemoglobin

13.16 ± 1.48

13.81 ± 1.6

0.06

LDL, mg/dL

123.15 ± 31.25

139.95 ± 31.09

0.02

**Table 2.** Tonometric Measurement Parameters of Patients With Positive and Negative Exercise ECG Results
Parameters	Positive exercise ECG (n = 40)	Negative exercise ECG (n = 39)	P value
ECG: electrocardiography; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; PP: pulse pressure; SPTI: systolic pressure-time index; DPTI: diastolic pressure-time index; SEVR: subendocardial viability ratio; AP: augmented pressure; AIx: augmentation index; PWV: pulse wave velocity.
SBP (mm Hg)	129.75 ± 22.17	129.75 ± 22.17	0.33
DBP (mm Hg)	86.85 ± 8.63	70.74 ± 10.21	0.24
PP (mm Hg)	55.9 ± 19.35	53.82 ± 15.71	0.60
SPTI	2,297 ± 502	2125 ± 399	0.10
DPTI	3,252 ± 413	3,239 ± 517	0.91
SEVR (%)	146 ± 30	156 ± 30	0.19
Aortic AP (mm Hg)	12.45 ± 8.44	12.77 ± 8.48	0.87
AIx @ HR75%	24.78 ± 11.18	23.33 ± 11.68	0.58
PWV (cm/s)	9.09 ± 2.44	8.75 ± 2.69	0.56

Table 2. Tonometric Measurement Parameters of Patients With Positive and Negative Exercise ECG Results

Parameters

Positive exercise ECG (n = 40)

Negative exercise ECG (n = 39)

P value

ECG: electrocardiography; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; PP: pulse pressure; SPTI: systolic pressure-time index; DPTI: diastolic pressure-time index; SEVR: subendocardial viability ratio; AP: augmented pressure; AIx: augmentation index; PWV: pulse wave velocity.

SBP (mm Hg)

129.75 ± 22.17

0.33

DBP (mm Hg)

86.85 ± 8.63

70.74 ± 10.21

0.24

PP (mm Hg)

55.9 ± 19.35

53.82 ± 15.71

0.60

SPTI

2,297 ± 502

2125 ± 399

0.10

DPTI

3,252 ± 413

3,239 ± 517

0.91

SEVR (%)

146 ± 30

156 ± 30

0.19

Aortic AP (mm Hg)

12.45 ± 8.44

12.77 ± 8.48

0.87

AIx @ HR75%

24.78 ± 11.18

23.33 ± 11.68

0.58

PWV (cm/s)

9.09 ± 2.44

8.75 ± 2.69

0.56