Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc
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Case Report

Volume 8, Number 3, June 2017, pages 134-138

Thyrotoxic Valvulopathy: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Electrocardiograms. (a) On admission demonstrating atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. (b) Following administration of intravenous diltiazem demonstrating atrial fibrillation with a more controlled ventricular response.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Transthoracic 2D echocardiographic images with color Doppler. (a) Color Doppler across the tricuspid valve demonstrating moderate to severe TR. (b) Color Doppler across the mitral valve demonstrating mild to moderate MR.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Transesophageal echocardiographic images. (a) Thickening and incomplete coaptation of the tricuspid valve leaflets compared with the mitral valve leaflets. (b) Color Doppler images demonstrate moderate to severe TR and mild to moderate MR.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Schematic demonstrating the impact of thyrotoxicosis on cardiac valves through a combined effect of direct myxomatous valve degeneration causing primary valve insufficiency, and hemodynamic volume overload causing cardiac chamber dilatation and further valve incompetency.